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View All TestSymptoms of Hypothyroidism (Underactive Thyroid)
Hypothyroidism happens when your thyroid gland doesn't produce enough hormones, which slows down many body functions. The symptoms usually develop gradually, so they’re often overlooked at first.
🔵 Common Symptoms
Fatigue & low energy
Weight gain (without major diet changes)
Feeling cold easily
Dry and rough skin
Hair thinning or hair loss
Constipation
Puffy face or swelling
🔵 Mental & Emotional Symptoms
Depression or low mood
Slow thinking / brain fog
Memory problems
🔵 Body Function Changes
Slow heart rate
Hoarse voice
Heavy or irregular periods (in women)
Reduced sweating
🔵 In Severe or Untreated Cases
Significant weight gain
Severe fatigue
Swelling in body (especially face and legs)
Risk of a rare but serious condition called Myxedema
🔵 Symptoms of Hypothyroidism in Babies
Cold hands and feet (reduced circulation and metabolism)
Constipation (infrequent or hard stools)
Excessive sleepiness or lethargy
Hoarse or weak cry
Poor growth or delayed development
Low muscle tone (baby feels “floppy” when held)
Persistent jaundice (yellowing of skin and eyes that lasts longer than normal)
Poor feeding or difficulty sucking
Puffy face (especially around eyes)
Abdominal bloating or a swollen belly
Enlarged (protruding) tongue
🔴 Important Nots:
These symptoms may be subtle at first. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent developmental delays.
🔵 Symptoms of Hypothyroidism in Children and Teens
Children and teenagers with hypothyroidism may have the same symptoms as adults, along with the following:
Poor growth, leading to short stature
Delayed eruption of permanent teeth
Delayed puberty
Impaired mental development (learning difficulties or slower cognitive development)
Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism (Overactive Thyroid)
Hyperthyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone, speeding up the body’s processes.
🔵 Common Symptoms
Unintentional weight loss (even with normal or increased appetite)
Rapid or irregular heartbeat (palpitations)
Nervousness, anxiety, or irritability
Tremors (shaking hands)
Increased sweating
Heat intolerance (feeling too warm easily)
🔵 Mental & Emotional Symptoms
Restlessness
Difficulty in concentrating
Mood swings
🔵 Physical Changes
Muscle weakness (especially in arms and thighs)
Frequent bowel movements
Thinning skin and fine hair
🔵 Specific Signs (especially in Graves' disease)
Bulging eyes (exophthalmos)
Eye irritation or dryness
🔵 Severe Symptoms (If Untreated)
Very fast heart rate
High fever
Confusion
Risk of a life-threatening condition called Thyroid Storm
🔵 Women-Specific Changes
Irregular or light menstrual periods
🔴 Important Nots:
Symptoms can vary from mild to severe. Some people (especially older adults) may have subtle signs, like fatigue or heart issues only.
How Do Thyroid Problems Affect Women?
Thyroid disorders—such as Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism—can have a significant impact on a woman’s health, especially due to their influence on hormones and metabolism.
🔵 Menstrual and Reproductive Health
Irregular periods (too heavy, light, or missed cycles)
Difficulty in ovulation
Increased risk of infertility
Early menopause in some cases
🔵 Pregnancy Complications
Higher risk of miscarriage
Premature birth
Low birth weight in babies
Developmental issues in the baby if untreated
🔵 Hormonal Imbalance & Metabolism
Weight gain or sudden weight loss
Fatigue and low energy
Hair thinning or hair loss
Skin dryness or excessive sweating
🔵 Mental and Emotional Health
Depression (common in hypothyroidism)
Anxiety and irritability (common in hyperthyroidism)
Difficulty concentrating (brain fog)
🔵 Bone and Heart Health
Increased risk of osteoporosis (weak bones)
Irregular heart rate or palpitations
Increased risk of heart disease
🔵 Summary
Thyroid problems can affect many aspects of a woman’s life—from menstrual cycles and fertility to mental health and overall well-being. Early diagnosis and proper treatment are essential to maintain a healthy balance.
Types of Thyroid Problems
The thyroid gland can develop several types of disorders. These are the main categories:
🔵 Hypothyroidism (Underactive Thyroid)
When the thyroid produces too little hormone.
Slows down body functions
Common symptoms: fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance
Often caused by Hashimoto's thyroiditis
🔵 Hyperthyroidism (Overactive Thyroid)
When the thyroid produces too much hormone.
Speeds up metabolism
Symptoms: weight loss, rapid heartbeat, anxiety
Common cause: Graves' disease
🔵 Goiter (Enlarged Thyroid)
An abnormal swelling of the thyroid gland.
May or may not affect hormone levels
Often due to iodine deficiency or hormone imbalance
🔵 Thyroid Nodules
Small lumps or growths in the thyroid.
Usually harmless (benign)
Sometimes produce excess hormone or need evaluation
🔵 Thyroiditis (Inflammation of Thyroid)
Inflammation that can cause temporary changes in hormone levels.
Can lead to pain or swelling
Types include viral or autoimmune causes
🔵 Thyroid Cancer
Abnormal growth of thyroid cells.
Usually slow-growing and treatable if detected early
May present as a lump in the neck
🧪 What Is Done to Diagnose Thyroid Disease?
Thyroid disease is diagnosed through a combination of medical history, physical examination, and specific tests to evaluate thyroid function and structure.
🔵 Triodothyroxine (T3) & Tri-Iodothyronine Free (FT3)
This test helps evaluate thyroid gland function and diagnose thyroid disorders, including hyperthyroidism. It is also used to monitor the effectiveness of treatment for thyroid conditions. Almost all of the T3 in the blood is bound to proteins, while a small portion remains free (unbound), which is the biologically active form of the hormone. This test measures both free T3 and total T3 (bound plus unbound) levels in the blood.
🔵 Thyroxine (T4) & Thyroxine - Free (FT4)
This test helps evaluate thyroid gland function and diagnose thyroid disorders, including hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Free T4 testing is also used to help diagnose congenital hypothyroidism in newborns.
Almost all of the T4 in the blood is bound to proteins, while a small portion remains free (unbound), which is the biologically active form of the hormone. This test measures the amount of free T4 in the blood.
🔵 Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
This test measures the level of TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) in the blood. TSH is produced by the anterior pituitary gland and stimulates the thyroid gland to produce hormones. This test is used to diagnose hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, screen newborns for hypothyroidism, and monitor the effectiveness of treatment for thyroid disorders.
🔵 Thyroglobulin (Tg)
This test measures the level of thyroglobulin (Tg), a protein produced by the thyroid gland, in the blood. Thyroglobulin plays an essential role in the production of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4).
The thyroglobulin test is primarily used as a tumor marker in patients with thyroid cancer, especially after treatment such as thyroidectomy or radioactive iodine therapy. It helps monitor the effectiveness of treatment and detect any recurrence of the disease.
In healthy individuals, thyroglobulin levels are usually very low or undetectable after complete removal of the thyroid gland. Elevated levels may indicate the presence of residual thyroid tissue, inflammation, or recurrence of thyroid cancer.
🔵 Thyroid Peroxidase (TPO) Antibodies
This test measures the level of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies in the blood. TPO is an enzyme in the thyroid gland that plays a key role in the production of thyroid hormones.
The presence of TPO antibodies indicates that the immune system is attacking the thyroid gland (autoimmune response). This test is commonly used to help diagnose autoimmune thyroid disorders such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and Graves’ disease.
Elevated levels of TPO antibodies are most often associated with hypothyroidism but may also be seen in hyperthyroidism. This test is also useful in evaluating patients with goiter, unexplained thyroid dysfunction, or in assessing the risk of thyroid disease in certain individuals.
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